01 Ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili: Ukunyuka ngesiquphe ukuya kuDumo
Kutshanje, umxholo wokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili okungena ezikolweni uye wanda ekuthandeni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe ngumxholo oshushu kumajelo oluntu.Oku kubangele impikiswano enkulu, abazali abaninzi bethandabuza ukhuseleko lokutya okusele kupakishwe ezikolweni.Iinkxalabo zivela ngenxa yokuba abantwana bakwinqanaba lokukhula elibalulekileyo, kwaye nayiphi na imiba yokhuseleko lokutya inokukhathaza ngakumbi.
Kwelinye icala, kukho imiba eluncedo emele iqwalaselwe.Izikolo ezininzi zikufumanisa kunzima ukusebenzisa iindawo zokutyela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zihlala zibonelela ngeenkampani ezihambisa ukutya.Ezi nkampani zihlala zisebenzisa iikhitshi ezisembindini ukulungiselela kunye nokuhambisa izidlo kwangolo suku olunye.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoqwalaselo olufana neendleko, incasa engaguqukiyo, kunye nesantya senkonzo, ezinye iinkampani ezinikezela ngezidlo zokutya sele ziqalisile ukusebenzisa ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili.
Abazali bavakalelwa kukuba ilungelo labo lokwazi ligxothiwe, njengoko bebengazi ukuba abantwana babo batya ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili ixesha elide.IiCafeteria zixoxa ngelithi akukho miba yokhuseleko ngokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, kutheni ke kungatyiwa?
Ngokungalindelekanga, izidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili ziye zaphinda zaqonda uluntu ngolu hlobo.
Ngokwenyani, izidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili ziye zafumana ukuthandwa ukusukela kunyaka ophelileyo.Ekuqaleni kuka-2022, uninzi lweengcamango zokutya ezipakishwe kwangaphambili zabona amaxabiso azo efikelele kwimida elandelelanayo.Nangona bekukho ukubuyisela umva kancinci, isikali sokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kuwo omabini amacandelo okutyela kunye nentengiso uye wanda ngokubonakalayo.Ngexesha lokuqhambuka kobhubhane, ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kwaqala ukunyuka kwakhona ngoMatshi ka-2022. Ngomhla we-18 ka-Epreli, ngo-2022, iinkampani ezifana ne-Fucheng Shares, iDelisi, i-Xiantan Shares, kunye neQela le-Zhongbai zabona amaxabiso abo esitokhwe ebetha imida, ngelixa uFuling Zhacai kunye Isiqithi saseZhangzi sabona inzuzo engaphezulu kwe-7% kunye ne-6%, ngokulandelanayo.
Ukutya okusele kupakishwe kulungiselelwe “uqoqosho lokonqena,” “uqoqosho lokuhlala ekhaya,” kunye “noqoqosho olunye.”Ezi zidlo zenziwe ngokuyintloko ngeemveliso zezolimo, imfuyo, iinkukhu, kunye nokutya kwaselwandle, kwaye zihamba ngamanyathelo ahlukeneyo okulungisa anje ngokuhlamba, ukusika, kunye nesinongo ngaphambi kokuba ulungele ukupheka okanye ukutya ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngokusekwe kubulula bokucutshungulwa okanye ukulungelelaniswa kwabathengi, izidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili zingahlelwa kukutya okulungele ukutyiwa, ukutya okulungeleyo ukutshisa, ukutya okulungele ukupheka, kunye nokutya okulungele ukulungiswa.Ukutya okuqhelekileyo okulungele ukutyiwa kubandakanya i-Eight-Treasure Congee, i-beef jerky, kunye nempahla enkonkxiweyo enokuthi ityiwe kanye ngaphandle kwephakheji.Ukutya okulungele ukutshisa kuquka amadombolo akhenkcezisiweyo kunye neembiza ezishushu ezizifudumezayo.Ukutya okulungele ukupheka, njenge-steak efrijiweyo kunye nenyama yehagu ecrispy, kufuna ukupheka.Ukutya okulungele ukulungiswa kubandakanya izithako ezisikiweyo ezifumaneka kumaqonga afana neHema Fresh kunye neDingdong Maicai.
Ezi zidlo zipakishwe kwangaphambili zifanelekile, zahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye zithandwa ngokwemvelo phakathi kwabantu "abangamavila" okanye abantu ababodwa.Ngo-2021, imarike yokutya yase-China epakishwe kwangaphambili ifikelele kwi-345.9 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kwaye kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-trillion ye-RMB yemarike.
Ukongeza kwisiphelo sokuthengisa, icandelo lokutya "lithanda" ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, kubalelwa kwi-80% yesikali sokusetyenziswa kweemarike.Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, okucutshungulwa kwiikhikhini eziphakathi kwaye kuhanjiswe kwiivenkile zamakhonkco, kunika isisombululo kumceli mngeni wokulinganisa ixesha elide kwi-cuisine yaseTshayina.Ekubeni bevela kumgca wemveliso ofanayo, i-taste ihambelana.
Ngaphambili, amatyathanga okutyela anengxaki yokungahambelani neencasa, zihlala zixhomekeke kwizakhono zabapheki.Ngoku, ngokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, iincasa zisemgangathweni, zinciphisa impembelelo yabapheki kwaye zibaguqule babe ngabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo.
Izibonelelo zokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili ziyabonakala, zikhokelela kwiindawo zokutyela ezinkulu ukuba zamkele ngokukhawuleza.Amatyathanga afana ne-Xibei, i-Meizhou Dongpo, kunye ne-Haidilao zonke zidibanise izidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili kwiminikelo yazo.
Ngokukhula kokuthengwa kweqela kunye nemarike yokuthatha, ukutya okuninzi okupakishwe kwangaphambili kungena kwishishini lokutya, ekugqibeleni kufikelele kubathengi.
Isishwankathelo, izidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili zibonakalise ukuba luncedo kwazo kunye nokwanda kwazo.Njengoko ishishini lokutyela liqhubeka nokuphuhlisa, ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kusebenza njengeendleko ezisebenzayo, isisombululo sokugcina umgangatho.
02 Ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili: KuseluLwandle oluBlue
Xa kuthelekiswa neJapan, apho ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kubalelwa kwi-60% yokutya okupheleleyo, umlinganiselo waseTshayina ungaphantsi kwe-10%.Ngo-2021, ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili eTshayina kwaba yi-8.9 kg/ngonyaka, ngaphantsi kwe-40% yaseJapan.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ngo-2020, iinkampani ezilishumi eziphezulu kwishishini lokutya elipakishwe kwangaphambili lase-China zibalelwa kwi-14.23% kuphela yemarike, kunye neenkampani eziphambili ezifana ne-Lvjin Food, i-Anjoy Foods, kunye ne-Weizhixiang ephethe izabelo zemarike ze-2.4%, 1.9%, kunye ne-1.8%. %, ngokulandelelanayo.Ngokwahlukileyo, umzi-mveliso wokutya opakishwe kwangaphambili waseJapan uzuze i-64.04% yesabelo semarike kwiinkampani ezintlanu eziphezulu ngo-2020.
Xa kuthelekiswa neJapan, imveliso yokutya yaseTshayina epakishwe kwangaphambili isekwisiqalo, inezithintelo ezisezantsi zokungena kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwentengiso.
Njengomkhwa omtsha wokusebenzisa kule minyaka yamva nje, imakethi yasekhaya epakishwe kwangaphambili kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwitriliyoni ye-RMB.Ukugxininiswa kweshishini eliphantsi kunye nezithintelo eziphantsi zemarike zitsale amashishini amaninzi ukuba angene kwindawo yokutya epakishwe kwangaphambili.
Ukusukela ngo-2012 ukuya ku-2020, inani leenkampani ezinxulumene nokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili e-China likhule ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-3,000 ukuya phantse kwi-13,000, kunye nezinga lokukhula ngonyaka eliphantse libe yi-21%.Ukusukela ekupheleni kukaJanuwari ka-2022, inani leenkampani zokutya ezipakishwe kwangaphambili e-China zisondele kuma-70,000, nto leyo ebonisa ukwanda okukhawulezayo kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Okwangoku, zintlanu iindidi eziphambili zabadlali kwingoma yesidlo sasekhaya esipakishwe kwangaphambili.
Okokuqala, iinkampani zezolimo nezasemanzini, ezidibanisa imathiriyeli ekrwada enyukayo ukuya kumazantsi ezidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili.Imizekelo ibandakanya iinkampani ezidweliswe njengeShengnong Development, Guolian Aquatic, kunye neLongda Food.
Ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kwezi nkampani kubandakanya iimveliso zenkukhu, iimveliso zenyama egayiweyo, irayisi kunye neemveliso zenoodle, kunye neemveliso zesonka.Iinkampani ezifana noPhuhliso lweShengnong, iChunxue Foods, kunye neGuolian Aquatic aziphuhlisi kuphela imarike yokutya esele ipakishwe ekhaya kodwa zikwathumela kumazwe aphesheya.
Uhlobo lwesibini lubandakanya iinkampani ezikhethekileyo zokutya ezipakishwe kwangaphambili ezigxile kwimveliso, njenge-Weizhixiang kunye ne-Gaishi Foods.Ukutya kwabo kwangaphambili kupakishwe ukusuka kwi-algae, amakhowa, kunye nemifuno yasendle ukuya kwiimveliso zasemanzini kunye neenkukhu.
Uhlobo lwesithathu luquka iinkampani zokutya ezikhenkcezisiweyo ezingena kwindawo yokutya esele ipakishwe, njengeQianwei Central Kitchen, Anjoy Foods, kunye neHuifa Foods.Ngokufanayo, ezinye iinkampani zokutya ziye zangena kwizidlo ezipakishwe kwangaphambili, njengeTongqinglou kunye neGuangzhou Restaurant, zivelisa izitya zabo zokutyikitya njengokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili ukonyusa ingeniso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
Uhlobo lwesine lubandakanya iinkampani ezithengisa ngokutsha ezifana neHema Fresh, Dingdong Maicai, MissFresh, Meituan Maicai, kunye neYonghui Supermarket.Ezi nkampani zinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nabathengi, zihlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi kunye namajelo okuthengisa abanzi kunye nokuqondwa kophawu oluqinileyo, amaxesha amaninzi zisebenzisa imisebenzi yokuthengisa edibeneyo.
Lonke ikhonkco leshishini lokutya elisele lipakishwe lidibanisa amacandelo ezolimo angasentla, aquka ukulinywa kwemifuno, imfuyo kunye nolimo lwasemanzini, imizi-mveliso yeenkozo neoli, kunye nezinongo.Ngokusetyenziswa kwabavelisi bokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili okukhethekileyo, abavelisi bokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo, kunye neenkampani ezinikezela ngeenkonzo, iimveliso zithuthwa ngolungiselelo lwekhonkco elibandayo kunye nokugcinwa ukuya kwiintengiso ezisezantsi.
Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso zemveli zezolimo, ukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili kunexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo ngenxa yamanyathelo okulungisa amaninzi, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezolimo lwasekhaya kunye nemveliso esemgangathweni.Bakwaxhasa ukusetyenzwa nzulu kweemveliso zolimo, benegalelo ekuvuselelweni kwamaphandle nophuhliso loqoqosho.
03 AmaPhondo amaninzi akhuphisana ngeMarike yoKutya esele ipakishwe
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezithintelo ezisezantsi zokungena, umgangatho weenkampani zokutya ezipakishwe kwangaphambili ziyahluka, ezikhokelela kumgangatho kunye nemiba yokhuseleko lokutya.
Ukunikezelwa kohlobo lokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, ukuba abathengi bafumana incasa enganelisiyo okanye idibene nemiba, inkqubo yokubuya elandelayo kunye nelahleko enokwenzeka ayichazwanga kakuhle.
Ke ngoko, eli candelo kufuneka lifumane ingqwalasela kurhulumente kazwelonke nowamaphondo ukuseka imimiselo eyongezelelekileyo.
Ngo-Epreli ka-2022, phantsi kwesikhokelo soMphathiswa wezoLimo kunye neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni kunye neZiko loPhuhliso lokuTya kokuHlaza laseTshayina, i-China Pre-packaged Meal Industry Alliance yasekwa njengombutho wokuqala wesizwe wokuzilawula wentlalontle kushishino lokutya olupakishwe kwangaphambili. .Lo mfelandawonye, oxhaswa ngoorhulumente basekhaya, amaziko ophando, kunye nemibutho yophando lwezoqoqosho, ijolise ekukhuthazeni ngcono imigangatho yoshishino nokuqinisekisa uphuhliso olunempilo nolucwangcisiweyo.
Amaphondo nawo alungiselela ukhuphiswano oluqatha kushishino lokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili.
I-Guangdong igqame njengephondo eliphambili kwicandelo lokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili.Ukuqwalasela inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, inani leenkampani zokutya ezipakishwe ngaphambili, iipaki zoshishino, kunye namanqanaba ezoqoqosho kunye nokusetyenziswa, i-Guangdong ihamba phambili.
Ukusukela ngo-2020, urhulumente waseGuangdong ukhokele ekucwangciseni, ekulinganiseni nasekulungiseleleni uphuhliso loshishino lokutya olupakishwe kwangaphambili kwinqanaba lephondo.Ngo-2021, emva kokusekwa kwe-Pre-packaged Meal Industry Alliance kunye nokukhuthazwa kwe-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Gaoyao) Pre-packaged Meal Industrial Park, i-Guangdong ifumene utyando ekuphuhlisweni kokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili.
NgoMatshi ka-2022, i-"2022 Provincial Government Work Report Key Task Division Plan" ibandakanya ukuphuhliswa kokutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili, kwaye i-Ofisi yoRhulumente wePhondo ikhuphe "Amanyathelo alishumi okuKhawuleza uPhuhliso oluPhezulu lwe-Guangdong ye-Factory Meal Industry."Olu xwebhu lubonelele ngenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kwiinkalo ezifana nophando nophuhliso, ukhuseleko olusemgangathweni, ukukhula kweqela lemizi-mveliso, ukulinywa kwamashishini okungumzekelo, uqeqesho lwetalente, ulwakhiwo lwekhonkco elibandayo, ukuthengiswa kwebrand, kunye nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe.
Ukuze iinkampani zibambe imakethi, inkxaso karhulumente wasekhaya, ukwakhiwa kwebrendi, amajelo okuthengisa, ngakumbi ulwakhiwo lwezixhobo ezibandayo lubalulekile.
Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo weGuangdong kunye neenzame zophuhliso lwamashishini asekhaya zininzi.Ukulandela iGuangdong,
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-04-2024