Ukuthuthwa kwetsheyini elibandayo kubhekiselele ekugcinweni kwezinto ezinobuntununtunu kubushushu obunjengokutya okonakalayo, iimveliso zamayeza, kunye neemveliso zebhayoloji ngaphakathi koluhlu lobushushu obuchaziweyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yothutho kunye nokugcinwa kwayo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwazo.Ukuthuthwa kwekhonkco elibandayo kubalulekile ekugcineni ukutsha kwemveliso, ukusebenza, kunye nokuthintela ukonakala kwemveliso ngenxa yokuguquguquka kobushushu.Nanga amanye amanqaku aphambili malunga nokuhamba ngekhonkco elibandayo:
1. Ulawulo lobushushu:
-Ukuthuthwa kwekhonkco elibandayo kufuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, olubandakanya iindlela ezimbini: ifriji (0 ° C ukuya ku-4 ° C) kunye neqhwa (ngokuqhelekileyo -18 ° C okanye ngaphantsi).Ezinye iimveliso ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezitofu ezithile zokugonya, zinokufuna ukuthuthwa kobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu (njenge -70 ° C ukuya -80 ° C).
2. Amanyathelo angundoqo:
-Ikhonkco elibandayo alibandakanyi kuphela inkqubo yokuthutha, kodwa kunye nokugcinwa, ukulayisha, kunye neenkqubo zokukhulula.Ubushushu kufuneka balawulwe ngokungqongqo kuwo onke amanqanaba ukuphepha nakuphi na “ukuqhekeka kwekhonkco elibandayo”, oku kuthetha ukuba ulawulo lobushushu alulawuleki nakweliphi na inqanaba.
3. Itekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo:
-Sebenzisa iimoto ezikhethekileyo ezifakwe efrijini kunye nezikhenkcezisiweyo, izikhongozeli, iinqanawa kunye neenqwelomoya zokuthutha.
-Sebenzisa iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezifakwe efrijini kunye nezikhenkcezisiweyo kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla kunye nezikhululo zokudlulisa kwiimveliso zokugcina.
-Kuxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokujonga ukushisa, ezifana neerekhodi zeqondo lokushisa kunye neenkqubo zokulandelela ukushisa kwexesha langempela, ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa kulo lonke ikhonkco.
4. Iimfuno zolawulo:
-Ukuthuthwa kwekhonkco elibandayo kufuneka kuhambelane nemimiselo engqongqo yelizwe kunye neyamazwe ngamazwe.Ngokomzekelo, ii-arhente ezilawula ukutya kunye neziyobisi (ezifana ne-FDA kunye ne-EMA) ziseke imigangatho yokuthutha i-cold chain kwiimveliso zamayeza kunye nokutya.
-Kukho imimiselo ecacileyo kwiziqinisekiso zezithuthi zothutho, izibonelelo, kunye nabaqhubi.
5. Imingeni kunye nezisombululo:
-Ijografi kunye nemozulu: Ukugcina ubushushu obuqhubekayo kunzima kakhulu ngexesha lokuthutha kwiindawo ezigqithiseleyo okanye ezikude.
-Iteknoloji entsha: ukwamkela izixhobo zokugquma ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iinkqubo zokupholisa ezonga amandla, kunye nokubekwa kweliso okuthembekileyo kobushushu kunye nokurekhoda idatha.
-Logistics optimization: Ngokulungisa iindlela kunye nezicwangciso zokuthutha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuthutha kunye neendleko ngelixa uqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwekhonkco elibandayo.
6. Umda wesicelo:
-Ikhonkco elibandayo alisetyenziswanga kuphela ekutyeni nakwimveliso yamayeza, kodwa likwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuthuthweni kwezinye izinto ezifuna ulawulo oluthile lobushushu, njengeentyatyambo, iimveliso zeekhemikhali, kunye neemveliso zombane.
Ukusebenza kothutho lwekhonkco elibandayo libalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lwabathengi, ngakumbi kumxholo wokunyusa urhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nemfuno yeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Wazi kangakanani malunga nomkhenkce?
Ukukhenkceza yindlela yokugcina ukutya, iziyobisi nezinye izinto ngokuthoba ubushushu bube ngaphantsi kweqondo lomkhenkce.Le teknoloji inokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ubomi beshelufu yeemveliso, njengoko amaqondo obushushu aphantsi anciphisa kakhulu ukukhula kwee-microorganisms kunye nesantya sokuphendula kwamachiza.Oku kulandelayo lulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nomkhenkce:
Imigaqo esisiseko
1. Uluhlu lobushushu: Ukukhenkceza kubandakanya ukuthoba ubushushu bemveliso ukuya kwi -18 ° C okanye ngaphantsi.Kweli qondo lobushushu, uninzi lwamanzi lubumba iikristale zomkhenkce, umsebenzi we-microbial uyayeka, kwaye inkqubo yemetabolism yokutya nayo iyancipha kakhulu.
2. Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi: Ngethuba lenkqubo yokukhenkceza, amanzi kwimveliso aguqulwa abe yi-crystals ye-ice, enceda ukuthintela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya kunye neekhemikhali ezibangelwa ukwenzeka.Nangona kunjalo, ukubunjwa kweekristale zomkhenkce kunokuphazamisa isakhiwo seselula, esinye sezizathu zokuba ukutya okufriziwe kunokuba namava okutshintsha ukuthungwa emva kokunyibilika.
Itekhnoloji yokukhenkceza
1. Umkhenkce okhawulezayo: Ukukhenkceza okukhawulezayo yindlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo enciphisa ubungakanani beekristale zomkhenkce ezenziwe ngaphakathi kokutya ngokuhlisa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bokutya, kunceda ukukhusela ubume kunye nokwakheka kokutya.Oku kudla ngokufezekiswa kwimveliso yorhwebo usebenzisa izixhobo ezisebenzayo zefriji.
2. Iqondo lomkhenkce eliphantsi kakhulu: Kwizicelo ezithile (ezifana nemimandla ethile yophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokugcinwa kokutya okuphezulu), iqondo lomkhenkce eliphantsi kakhulu linokusetyenziswa, kwaye iqondo lobushushu linokwehliswa ukuya kutsho -80 ° C okanye ngaphantsi ukuze kuphunyezwe. ixesha elide kakhulu lokugcina.
3. Ukugcinwa emkhenkceni: Ukutya okunomkhenkce kufuneka kugcinwe kwisixhobo sokukhenkcisa esifanelekileyo, njengesikhenkcisi sasekhaya okanye indawo ebandayo ethengiswayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya kugcinwa kubushushu obukhuselekileyo.
indawo yesicelo
1. Ishishini lokutya: Kwishishini lokutya, ukukhenkceza kuyindlela eqhelekileyo yokugcinwa, ilungele ukutya okuhlukahlukeneyo okufana nenyama, intlanzi yaselwandle, ukutya okuphekiweyo, iimveliso zobisi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno.
2. Ukhathalelo lwempilo: Amachiza athile kunye neesampuli zebhayoloji (ezifana negazi, iiseli, njl.) zifuna i-cryopreservation ukuze zigcine uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kwazo.
3. Uphando lwezeNzululwazi: Kuphando lwezenzululwazi, itekhnoloji yokukhenkcisa isetyenziselwa ukugcina iisampulu ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye neekhemikhali zokwenziwa kophando kunye nohlalutyo.
imiba efuna ingqalelo
1. Ukupakishwa ngendlela efanelekileyo: Ukupakishwa ngendlela efanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe iqabaka nokomisa kokutya.Ukusebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezinobungqina bokufuma kwaye zitywinwe kakuhle kunokukhusela ukutya.
2. Ziphephe imijikelo yokunyibilikisa ephinda-phindayo yokukhenkceza: Imijikelo ephindaphindwayo yokunyibilika komkhenkce inokonakalisa ukwakheka kunye nesondlo sokutya, kwaye kufuneka iphetshwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
3. Ukunyibilika okukhuselekileyo: Inkqubo yokunyibilika nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka inyibilike kancinane kwisikhenkcisi, okanye inyibilikiswe ngokukhawuleza kusetyenziswa i-microwave namanzi abandayo ukunciphisa amathuba okukhula kwebhaktiriya.
Ukukhenkceza yindlela esebenza kakhulu yogcino ethi icothise ngokubonakalayo ukusebenza kweentsholongwane kunye notshintsho lweekhemikhali, ukwandisa ixesha leshelufu lokutya kunye nezinye izinto ezinovakalelo.Ubuchule obuchanekileyo bokukhenkceza kunye nokunyibilikisa kunokwandisa isondlo kunye nomgangatho wokuziva wokutya.
Wazi kangakanani ngefriji?
Ifriji yindlela yokulawula ubushushu esetyenziselwa ukwandisa uzinzo lokutya, amayeza, kunye nezinye iimveliso.Ngokugcina amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kweqondo lomkhenkce kodwa ngaphezulu kweqondo lomkhenkce, isikhenkcezisi sinokucothisa iintsholongwane, ukusabela kweekhemikhali, kunye neenkqubo zomzimba, ngaloo ndlela zigcina ukutsha kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso.Oku kulandelayo lulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nefriji:
Imigaqo esisiseko
1. Uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa: Ifriji idla ngokubhekisela ekugcineni iimveliso kuluhlu lweqondo lokushisa malunga ne-0 ° C ukuya kwi-8 ° C. Olu luhlu lweqondo lokushisa lunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula kunye nokuzala kwee-microorganisms ezininzi, ngelixa linciphisa umsebenzi we-enzyme ekudleni.
2. Ulawulo lokufuma: Ukongeza kulawulo lobushushu, ukufuma okufanelekileyo kukwangundoqo ekugcineni umgangatho wokutya.Iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zifuna amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufuma okunxulumene nokwandisa ubomi beshelufu.
indawo yesicelo
1. Ukugcinwa kokutya: Ukufakwa efrijini yindlela eqhelekileyo yokugcina ukutya.Ilungele inyama, iimveliso zobisi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kunye nokutya okuphekiweyo, kunceda ukunciphisa ukonakala kokutya kunye nokugcina ixabiso lesondlo.
2. Iimveliso zonyango: Amachiza amaninzi, ugonyo, kunye neemveliso zebhayoloji kufuneka zigcinwe phantsi kweemeko zefriji ukuze zigcine ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuzinza.
3. Iikhemikhali kunye nezinye izinto: Ezinye iikhemikhali kunye nezinto zovavanyo nazo kufuneka zifakwe efrijini ukuthintela ukubola okanye ukugcina ukusebenza kwazo.
Iteknoloji yefriji
1. Izixhobo zokukhenkceza: Izixhobo zokufaka izikhenkcezisi ziquka iifriji zasekhaya kunye nezorhwebo, iikhabhinethi ezifakwe efrijini, indawo yokugcina ebandayo, njl. Ezi zixhobo zinokugcina ubushushu obuphantsi ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokukhenkceza i-compressor, i-absorption chillers, okanye ezinye iitekhnoloji zefriji.
2. Isikhenkcezisi esikrelekrele: Izixhobo zale mihla zokukhenkceza zinokuquka izilawuli zobushushu, izixhobo zokujonga ukufuma, nobunye ubuchwephesha bokuzenzela, obunokubekwa esweni kwaye buhlengahlengiswe ngeesistim ezikrelekrele ukuze kuqinisekiswe iimeko zokugcina eziqhubekayo nezizinzileyo.
Ugcino kunye nolawulo
1. Ukulayisha okuchanekileyo: Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zefriji azigqithiswanga kwaye umoya unokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kweemveliso ukugcina ukushisa okufanayo.
2. Ukucoca rhoqo: Ukucocwa rhoqo kwezixhobo zefriji kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukungcola kunye nokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza kakuhle.
3. Ukujongwa kweqondo lokushisa: Sebenzisa irekhoda yeqondo lokushisa okanye i-thermometer ukujonga rhoqo ubushushu besixhobo sefriji ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuqhelekileyo.
Ukugcina izikhenkcezisi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bemihla ngemihla, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuseleko lokutya, ukusebenza kweziyobisi nomgangatho wezinye iimveliso.Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwesikhenkcisi kunye nobuchwepheshe bunokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ukhuseleko lokutya, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokubonelela ngeenzuzo zoqoqosho kumashishini kunye nabathengi.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-28-2024