Izinto zokutshintsha iSigaba (PCMs) zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ikakhulu kuba zibonelela ngezisombululo ezizodwa nezisebenzayo kulawulo lwamandla, ulawulo lobushushu, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.Ngezantsi inkcazo ecacileyo yezizathu eziphambili zokusebenzisa izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba:
1. Ukugcinwa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo
Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba zinokufunxa okanye zikhulule umthamo omkhulu wamandla ashushu ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintsha isigaba.Olu phawu lubenza bakwazi ukugcina amandla obushushu bemithombo yeendaba.Ngokomzekelo, xa kukho imisebe yelanga eyaneleyo emini, izinto zokutshintsha isigaba zinokufunxa kwaye zigcine amandla ashushu;Ebusuku okanye kwimozulu ebandayo, ezi zixhobo zinokukhulula amandla obushushu agciniweyo ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu bemekobume.
2. Ukulawula ubushushu obuzinzileyo
Kwinqanaba lokutshintsha kwesigaba, izinto zokutshintsha kwesigaba zinokufunxa okanye zikhulule ubushushu kumaqondo obushushu aphantse afane.Oku kwenza ii-PCM zifaneleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, njengothutho lwamayeza, ulawulo lwe-thermal yezixhobo zombane, kunye nokulawulwa kobushushu bangaphakathi kwizakhiwo.Kwezi zicelo, izinto zokutshintsha isigaba zinceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.
3. Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla
Kwintsimi yezakhiwo, ukudibanisa izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba kwizakhiwo zokwakha kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwamandla.Ezi zixhobo zinokuthatha ukushisa okugqithisileyo emini, ukunciphisa umthwalo kwi-air conditioning;Ebusuku, ikhupha ubushushu kwaye inciphisa imfuno yokufudumeza.Lo msebenzi wokulawula ubushushu bendalo unciphisa ukuthembela kubushushu bemveli kunye nezixhobo zokupholisa, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
4. Ayinabungozi kokusingqongileyo
Izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba zenziwa ikakhulu ngezinto eziphilayo okanye iityuwa ezingaphiliyo, uninzi lwazo zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-PCM kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-fossil, ukufaka isandla ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokufezekisa iinjongo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
5. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nentuthuzelo
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokutshintsha isigaba kwiimveliso zabathengi ezifana nempahla, i-mattresses, okanye ifenitshala inokubonelela ngentuthuzelo eyongezelelweyo.Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenzisa ii-PCM kwiimpahla kunokulawula ukushisa ngokweenguqu kwiqondo lokushisa lomzimba, ukugcina ubushushu obukhululekile kumntu onxibileyo.Ukuyisebenzisa kumatrasi kunokubonelela ngobushushu obufanelekileyo bokulala ebusuku.
6. Ukuguquguquka kunye nokuguquguquka
Izixhobo zokutshintsha inqanaba zinokuyilwa ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.Zingenziwa zibe ngamaqhekeza, iifilimu, okanye zihlanganiswe kwezinye izinto ezifana nekhonkrithi okanye iplastiki, ukubonelela ngezinga eliphezulu lokuguquguquka kunye nokulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa.
7. Ukuphucula izibonelelo zoqoqosho
Nangona utyalo-mali lokuqala kwizinto zokutshintsha kwesigaba lunokuba luphezulu, iinzuzo zabo zexesha elide ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza zibalulekile.Ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kumandla emveli, izinto zokutshintsha isigaba zinokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla kunye nokubonelela ngembuyekezo yezoqoqosho.
Isishwankathelo, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokutshintsha kwesigaba kunokubonelela ngezisombululo zolawulo olusebenzayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nentuthuzelo, kunye nokunceda ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili kunye neempawu zazo zezixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba
Izinto zokutshintsha iSigaba (i-PCMs) zinokuhlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi ngokusekwe kubume bemichiza kunye neempawu zokutshintsha kwesigaba, ngasinye sineengenelo ezithile zesicelo kunye nemida.Ezi zixhobo ziquka ii-PCM zendalo, iiPCM ezingaphiliyo, iiPCM ezisekwe kwibio, kunye neePCM ezihlanganisiweyo.Apha ngezantsi kukho isingeniso esineenkcukacha kwiimpawu zodidi ngalunye lwezixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba:
1. Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic
Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic ziquka iindidi ezimbini: iparafini kunye ne-fatty acids.
-Parafini:
-Iimpawu: Ukuzinza kweekhemikhali eziphezulu, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kakuhle, kunye nokulungelelaniswa lula kwendawo yokunyibilika ngokuguqula ubude bamatyathanga e-molecular.
-I-Disadvantage: I-conductivity ye-thermal iphantsi, kwaye kunokufuneka ukuba ungeze izinto zokuqhuba i-thermal ukuze kuphuculwe isantya sokuphendula nge-thermal.
Iiasidi ezinamafutha:
-Iimpawu: Inobushushu obufihlakeleyo obuphezulu kuneparafini kunye nendawo ebanzi yokunyibilika, ilungele iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zobushushu.
-Izinto ezingeloncedo: Ezinye iiasidi ezinamafutha zisenokwahlulwa ngokwesigaba kwaye zibiza kakhulu kuneparafini.
2. Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Inorganic
Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Inorganic ziquka izisombululo ze-saline kunye neetyuwa zetsimbi.
-Isisombululo samanzi etyuwa:
-Iimpawu: Uzinzo oluhle lwe-thermal, ukushisa okufihlakeleyo okuphezulu, kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
-Izinto ezingeloncedo: Ngexesha lokukhenkceza, i-delamination inokuthi yenzeke kwaye iyadleka, ifuna izixhobo zesikhongozeli.
-Iityuwa zesinyithi:
-Iimpawu: Ubushushu besigaba esiphakamileyo sokutshintsha, silungele ukugcinwa kwamandla obushushu aphezulu.
-Izinto ezingeloncedo: Kukwakho nemiba yomhlwa kunye nokuthotywa komgangatho wokusebenza kungenzeka ngenxa yokunyibilika okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuqina.
3. Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Biobased
Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Bio-based zi-PCM ezikhutshwe kwindalo okanye zenziwe nge-biotechnology.
-Iimbonakalo:
-Inobuhlobo kwindalo, iyabola, ayinazinto ezinobungozi, ikhawulelana neemfuno zophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
-Inokukhutshwa kwizityalo okanye kwizilwanyana eziluhlaza, ezifana neoli yemifuno kunye namafutha ezilwanyana.
-Izinto ezingeloncedo:
-Kunokubakho imiba eneendleko eziphezulu kunye nokunciphisa umthombo.
-I-thermal stability kunye ne-thermal conductivity iphantsi kune-PCM zendabuko, kwaye inokufuna ukuguqulwa okanye ukuxhaswa kwezinto ezidibeneyo.
4. Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba esihlanganisiweyo
Izinto eziguqukayo zesigaba esihlanganisiweyo zidibanisa ii-PCM kunye nezinye izinto (ezifana nezixhobo zokuqhuba i-thermal, izinto ezixhasayo, njl.) Ukuphucula iimpawu ezithile ze-PCM ezikhoyo.
-Iimbonakalo:
-Ngokudibanisa nezinto eziphezulu ze-thermal conductivity, isantya sokuphendula i-thermal kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal kunokuphuculwa kakhulu.
-Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunokwenziwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo, njengokuphucula amandla omatshini okanye ukuphucula ukuzinza kwe-thermal.
-Izinto ezingeloncedo:
-Inkqubo yokulungiselela inokuba nzima kwaye ibiza kakhulu.
-Izixhobo ezichanekileyo zokuthelekisa kunye nobuchule bokusebenza ziyafuneka.
Ezi zixhobo zokutshintsha kwesigaba ngasinye zineenzuzo zazo ezizodwa kunye neemeko zesicelo.Ukhetho lodidi olufanelekileyo lwePCM ludla ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zobushushu besicelo esithile, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweendleko, iingqwalasela zempembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nobomi benkonzo obulindelekileyo.Ngokunzulu kophando kunye nophuhliso lwetheknoloji, ukuphuhliswa kwezinto zokutshintsha isigaba
Umda wesicelo kulindeleke ukuba uqhubele phambili ukwandisa, ngakumbi kugcino lwamandla kunye nolawulo lobushushu.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba se-organic kunye nezixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba esingenasiphelo?
Izinto zoTshintsho lweSigaba se-Organic, ii-PCM kunye neZixhobo zokuTshintsha iSigaba se-Inorganic Phase zombini zitekhnoloji ezisetyenziselwa ugcino lwamandla kunye nolawulo lobushushu, obufunxa okanye bukhulule ubushushu ngokuguqula phakathi kwamazwe aqinileyo kunye nolwelo.Ezi ntlobo zimbini zemathiriyeli nganye ineempawu zayo kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa, kwaye ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeendlela eziphambili phakathi kwazo:
1. Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali:
-Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic: ikakhulu kubandakanya iparafini kunye neeasidi ezinamafutha.Ezi zinto zidla ngokuba nokuzinza kweekhemikhali ezilungileyo kwaye aziyi kubola ngexesha lokunyibilika kunye neenkqubo zokuqina.
-Izinto zokutshintsha isigaba se-Inorganic: kubandakanywa izisombululo ze-saline, isinyithi, kunye neetyuwa.Olu hlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo lunoluhlu olubanzi lwamanqaku okuncibilika, kwaye indawo efanelekileyo yokuncibilika inokukhethwa ngokweemfuno.
2. Ukusebenza kobushushu:
-Izinto eziguqukayo zesigaba se-Organic: ngokuqhelekileyo zine-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal, kodwa ukushisa okuphezulu okufihlakeleyo ngexesha lokunyibilika kunye nokuqina, oku kuthetha ukuba banokufunxa okanye bakhulule ubushushu obukhulu ngexesha lokutshintsha kwesigaba.
-Izinto eziguqukayo zesigaba se-Inorganic: Ngokuchaseneyo, ezi zixhobo zihlala zine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal, evumela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ukushisa kwabo okufihliweyo kunokuba ngaphantsi kunezinto eziphilayo.
3. Uzinzo lomjikelo:
-Izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic: ube nokuzinza okuhle kwebhayisikile kwaye unokumelana neenkqubo ezininzi zokunyibilika kunye nokuqiniswa ngaphandle kokuthotywa okubalulekileyo okanye utshintsho ekusebenzeni.
-Izinto eziguqukayo zesigaba se-Inorganic: zinokubonisa ukubola okanye ukuthotywa kokusebenza emva kwemijikelezo emininzi ye-thermal, ngakumbi ezo zinto zixhomekeke kwi-crystallization.
4. Iindleko kunye nokufumaneka:
-Izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic: Ngokuqhelekileyo zibiza, kodwa ngenxa yokuzinza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, iindleko zabo zokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide zinokuba zincinci.
-Imathiriyeli yokutshintsha isigaba se-Inorganic: Ezi zixhobo zihlala zinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye kulula ukuvelisa kwisikali esikhulu, kodwa zinokufuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo okanye ukulungiswa.
5. Iindawo zesicelo:
-Izixhobo zokutshintsha isigaba se-Organic: Ngenxa yokuzinza kwazo kunye neempawu ezintle zeekhemikhali, zihlala zisetyenziswa kulawulo lobushushu bezakhiwo, iimpahla, iindawo zokulala, kunye nezinye iindawo.
-Izinto eziguqukayo zesigaba se-Inorganic: ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zoshishino ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla okushisa kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela ubushushu benkunkuma, ezinokusebenzisa i-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal kunye noluhlu lwendawo yokunyibilika.
Isishwankathelo, xa ukhetha izinto eziguqukayo ze-organic okanye ze-inorganic phase, izinto ezinjengeemfuno ezithile zesicelo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nokusebenza okulindelweyo kwe-thermal kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Isixhobo ngasinye sineenzuzo ezikhethekileyo kunye nezithintelo, ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-28-2024